Large forest fires are burning out of control in south-western France and central Spain, prompting authorities to evacuate an estimated 87,000 people from their homes.
Some even fled by boat when flames swept through the Cap Ferret peninsula on France’s Atlantic coast, which is popular with tourists.
Dozens of firefighters have been injured, authorities said.
Some 50 square miles have been consumed by the blaze that has raged since Wednesday near Cap Ferret.
Located just 37 miles from Bordeaux, the peninsula normally offers stunning landscapes and sandy beaches as well as oyster-farming villages and upmarket resorts.
About 67,000 residents in France escaped a larger area as authorities ordered additional evacuations further south after a separate wildfire broke out.
Both France and Spain have asked fellow European Union members for help.
“It’s quite impressive and even frightening,” said Laurent Moretti, a resident in the town of Ares. “An evacuation on this scale has never happened before. All we really hope is that the firefighters can quickly get it under control.”
More than 20,000 people had already been evacuated from towns and holiday resorts on Thursday. The new evacuations were carried out by road, with boat shuttles provided for people who could not travel by their own means.
Local authorities in the Gironde department said 53 homes and a campsite have been ravaged by flames, adding that 42 firefighters were injured.
Around 1,500 people who fled the peninsula arrived by sea in the city of Arcachon, some on board small water taxis and others on larger boats.
Hundreds of French firefighters have been deployed and additional ground and aerial reinforcements were sent on Friday to tackle the blaze.
Meanwhile, another major wildfire destroyed land further south down the coast. It remained uncontained and strong winds hampered the work of firefighters.
Authorities believe the cause of both fires was accidental. Some 44,000 people have been evacuated in Gironde, and 23,000 in Landes.
French President Emmanuel Macron said France will receive EU reinforcements including two Croatian Canadair firefighting aircraft, two Portuguese Air Tractor aircraft, and two heavy-lift Black Hawk helicopters from the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Spanish interior minister Fernando Grande-Marlaska said that Italy and Greece are each sending two Canadair water-dumping planes.
In Spain, the government declared a national emergency for wildfires for the first time as the blazes in Madrid and the nearby province of Avila prompted the evacuation of some 20,000 people from towns.
The fires are being fanned by a heatwave with temperatures expected to top 39C in parts of Spain.
The two major fires west of Madrid merged into one single blaze that had quickly charred 11.5 square miles by Friday afternoon. Regional president Isabel Diaz-Ayuso called it the worst in Madrid’s history.
The regional government of Madrid, which spans a wide area around the city, said that around 18,000 people had been evacuated from different villages and towns west of the capital.
Meanwhile, a blaze in Avila, less than two hours north-west of Madrid, had consumed 34 square miles, causing another 1,500 people to flee.
“In my 60 years I have never seen something like this in my village, I have never seen fire of these dimensions,” Francisco Martínez, the mayor of Burgohondo, told Spain’s national broadcaster TVE.
Spanish television showed video taken by retreating residents of walls of flames topped by long plumes of smoke advancing through woods and scrublands. High winds and hilly terrain complicated efforts by firefighters, who tackled the blazes with firetrucks and bulldozers.
“All around the town was smoke and fire, I was scared. Everything was fire and smoke, people were nervous,” 33-year-old Joaquin Espinosa told the Associated Press before he and his neighbours were evacuated from the village of Chapineria, located less than an hour’s drive west of Madrid.
In one week, Spain has had the worst fires on record for both the regions of Castilla La Mancha and Madrid.
Firefighters were still trying to extinguish Spain’s second-largest ever fire in the Guadalajara province of Castilla La Mancha after it had destroyed some 120 square miles over the last week. Thirteen people were also killed in a fire in southern Spain earlier this month, the deadliest fire in recent memory for Spain.
Spanish minister for the ecological transition Sara Aagesen said that Spain has seen 440 square miles already burned this year, more than five times the burned terrain it had through the first half of 2025. There were nine serious fires in other parts of Spain active on Friday.
Mr Sanchez called on Wednesday for a pact between political parties to fight climate change that he said is key to adapting to a more fire-prone climate. Spain has experienced record temperatures in recent summers and forest fires of increasing violence.
Wildfire analyst Raul Quilez said that besides the impact of climate change, Spain’s rural areas have become more exposed to fires with the abandonment of farmlands that traditionally provided buffer zones around villages. Now, he said, trees and undergrowth often reach right to homes, putting them in harm’s way.
“That makes a perfect cocktail for this type of fire,” Mr Quilez told the AP from Valencia, where he works as a analyst for regional firefighters.
In Italy, wildfires continued to ravage parts of Sicily, with the central-western province of Agrigento particularly hard hit.
Fuelled by temperatures that have topped 40C, low humidity and winds, the fires have forced scattered evacuations and were blamed for the death of a firefighter responding to a blaze in Caltanissetta.
Globally, 2025 was the third-hottest year on record, bringing severe heatwaves across Europe.
Scientists warn that climate change is exacerbating the frequency and intensity of heat and dryness especially in south-eastern Europe, making the region more vulnerable to health impacts and wildfires.
